Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin (Russian: Михаи́л Ива́нович Кали́нин) (1875 – 1946), known familiarly by Soviet citizens as "Kalinych," was a Bolshevik revolutionary and the nominal head of state of the Soviet Union from 1919 to 1946. From 1926 he was a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, where he was one of the inner circle of party leaders around Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.
Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin was born November ...
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Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin (Russian: Михаи́л Ива́нович Кали́нин) (1875 – 1946), known familiarly by Soviet citizens as "Kalinych," was a Bolshevik revolutionary and the nominal head of state of the Soviet Union from 1919 to 1946. From 1926 he was a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, where he was one of the inner circle of party leaders around Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.
Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin was born November 19 [O.S. November 7] 1875 to a poor peasant family of ethnic Russian origin in the village of Verkhnyaya Troitsa (Верхняя Троица), Tverskaya Gubernia, Russia.
Kalinin finished his education at a local school in 1889 and worked for a time on a farm following the completion of his formal education. He later moved to Saint Petersburg, where he gained employment as a metal worker in 1895.
In 1906 he married the ethnic Estonian Katarina Loоrberg (Russian: Yekaterina Ivanovna Lorberg) (1882–1960).
Kalinin joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor...
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